Turning the Tide: The Imperatives for Rescuing the Iran Nuclear Deal

Document Type : Original Article

Author

School of International Relations

Abstract

After three years of enduring the immense failures and fallouts of the US “maximum pressure” sanctions imposed on Iran in the aftermath of the Trump administration’s withdrawal from the JCPOA (Iran nuclear deal) in 2018, the Biden administration has signaled an important shift by promising to conduct a foreign policy that leads with diplomacy. The EU-brokered negotiations that have already taken place during the first half of 2021, although encountering some tactical obstacles and lack of momentum, nonetheless offer grounds for cautious optimism that the JCPOA can be rescued and that the return of all signatories to full compliance with the terms and conditions of the deal can be secured.
The critical question that this article addresses is what are the key imperatives required for a durable outcome of the upcoming negotiations. This research is based on a critique of the failures of the Trump administration’s “maximum pressure” sanctions from the Ethical or Just War theoretical framework and the Utilitarian and Realist perspectives. The research methodologies are critical observation and empirical analysis. The article’s survey of the historical trajectory of US sanctions against Iran also supports this critique by clearly demonstrating that during periods of US over-reliance on sanctions to the exclusion of other foreign policy tools, including those of diplomacy, political engagement, and economic incentivization, successive administrations failed to advance their foreign policy goals and objectives vis-à-vis Iran. The article argues that rescuing Iran's nuclear deal and restoring its advantages for all signatories will require the implementation of essential US policy changes. It will also be necessary for the EU foreign policy establishment to direct its efforts to reinforce Biden’s inclination to return to the JCPOA in good faith with demonstrable full commitment to the terms of the original deal.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

برخلاف امواج؛ الزامات نجات توافق هسته ای ایران

Author [Persian]

  • مسعود اسلامی
دانشکده روابط بین الملل وزارت امور خارجه
Abstract [Persian]

پس از سه سال تحمل ناکامی‌ها و پیامدهای تحریم‌های «فشار حداکثری» آمریکا که بر ایران پس از خروج دولت ترامپ از برجام
(توافق هسته‌ای ایران) در سال 2018 اعمال شد، دولت بایدن با قول دادن به یک تغییر مهم اشاره کرد. برای انجام یک سیاست خارجی که با دیپلماسی هدایت شود. مذاکرات با میانجیگری اتحادیه اروپا که قبلاً در نیمه اول سال 2021 انجام شده است،
اگرچه با برخی موانع تاکتیکی و فقدان شتاب مواجه شده است، با این وجود زمینه‌هایی برای خوش‌بینی محتاطانه در مورد نجات برجام و بازگشت همه امضاکنندگان به پایبندی کامل به آن فراهم می‌کند. شرایط و ضوابط معامله را می توان تضمین کرد.
سوال مهمی که این مقاله به آن می پردازد این است که الزامات کلیدی مورد نیاز برای یک نتیجه پایدار مذاکرات آتی چیست.
این تحقیق مبتنی بر نقد شکست تحریم‌های «فشار حداکثری» دولت ترامپ از چارچوب نظری جنگ اخلاقی یا عادلانه و دیدگاه‌های سودگرا و واقع‌گرا است.
روش تحقیق مشاهده انتقادی و تحلیل تجربی است. بررسی این مقاله از مسیر تاریخی تحریم‌های آمریکا علیه ایران نیز با نشان دادن واضح این موضوع که در دوره‌های
اتکای بیش از حد ایالات متحده به تحریم‌ها به استثنای ابزارهای دیگر سیاست خارجی، از جمله ابزارهای دیپلماسی، تعامل سیاسی، و انگیزه‌های اقتصادی، از این انتقاد حمایت می‌کند.
دولت های متوالی نتوانستند اهداف و مقاصد سیاست خارجی خود را در قبال ایران پیش ببرند. این مقاله استدلال می‌کند که نجات توافق هسته‌ای ایران و بازگرداندن مزایای آن برای همه امضاکنندگان، مستلزم
اجرای تغییرات اساسی سیاست ایالات متحده است. همچنین لازم است نهاد سیاست خارجی اتحادیه اروپا تلاش های خود را برای تقویت تمایل بایدن برای بازگشت به برجام
با حسن نیت و با تعهد کامل قابل اثبات به مفاد توافق اولیه هدایت کند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • برنامه جامع اقدام مشترک
  • مذاکرات برجام
  • موافقتنامه هسته‎ای ایران
  • فشار حداکثری

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  • Receive Date: 24 February 2022
  • Accept Date: 24 February 2022

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