Akbari, Zahra and Nabavi, Seyed Abdolamir (2023). “Future Scenarios of the Iran-Saudi Rapprochement: an Iranian View”. Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, 14(1), Issue. 37, Winter 2023 and Spring 2024 :87-106.
Azizi, Hamidreza (2025). “Strategic Transnationalism: The Iran-Russia Partnership”. The Middle East Council on Global Affairs (MECGA), Issue Brief, June 5, 2025.
Baabood, Abdullah (2024). How Gulf States Are Reinterpreting National Security Beyond Their Land Borders, X-Border Local Research Network, Published on August 1, 2024.
Barzegar, Keyhan & Agharebparast, Mohammad Reza (2012). “Security Architecture in the Persian Gulf: A Comprehensive Appraisal”. Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, 3(3), 7-28.
Bijan, Aref (2023). “Russia and the new security system in the Persian Gulf; Approach and strategy”. BIANNUAL JOURNAL OF “Middle East Political Review”, Chalous Branch, 6(1), Spring & Summer, 123-152.
Biuck, Mohsen (2020). Bahrain and Axis of Resistance: Geopolitical Implications for Iran. Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, 11(1), Winter-Spring, 197-220.
Boltuc, Silvia (2025). “From Missiles to Militias: Decoding Iran’s Multi-Dimensional Deterrence in the Gulf”. SpecialEurasia, info@specialeurasia.com. April 12, 2025.
D., Ovall (2024). The United States and Bahrain Sign Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement” American Journal of International Law. American Journal of International Law, (118), 190-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/ ajil.2023.73
Doroshenko, Gleb & Shelkovnikov, Andrei (2024). “Russia’s View on Security in the Gulf and Its Possible Role in the Regional Structure”. Published online: 08 Dec 2024: 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1080/25765949.2024.2411102
Dorsey, James M. (2019). ”Shaping a new world order: The Gulf and the greater Middle East stake their claim” The Gulf Studies Center at the College of Arts and Sciences at Qatar University, The Gulf Monograph Series, (5).
Ehteshami, Anoushiravan (2023). “China’s Grand Vision and the Persian Gulf”. IAI PAPERS 23 | 07 - MARCH 2023 :1-20.
Evans, Grham (2025). “Encyclopedia Britannica”. https://www.britannica.com/place/Persian-Gulf
Garlick, Jeremy & Havlova´, Radka (2020). “China’s “Belt and Road” Economic Diplomacy in the Persian Gulf: Strategic Hedging amidst Saudi–Iranian Regional Rivalry. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, (49), 82-105. Doi: 10.1177/1868102619898706. https://colab.ws/articles/10.1177%2F1868102619898706
Goldani, Mahdi (2024). “Safety and Security Dynamics in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries: A Machine Learning Approach to Forecasting Security Trends, IDEAS, arXiv:2410.21511v2 :1-15. https://doi.org/10.48550/ arXiv.2410.21511
Golshani, Abozar (2018). “Persian Gulf Desirable Security System”. International Academic Journal of Humanities, 5(1), 196-202. ISSN 2454-2245. International Academic Institute for Science and Technology :196-202.
Gray, Matthew (2022). ”Gulf Security and Minilateralism: The Potential, the Problems, and the Prospects”. Gulf Studies Center Monographic Series No. 10 – February, 1-34.
H.K., A.A. (2025). “Bahrain, US, UK sign Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement (C-SIPA)”. Bahrain News Agency, 17 Jul 2025.
Heiran-Nia, Javad (2023). “US Offers New Guarantees to Arab States to Bolster Persian Gulf Security Order”. Middle East & North Africa, September 19, 2023.
Hunter e., Robert (2010). “Building security in the Persian Gulf”, 2010 RAND Corporation, JZ6009.P35H86 2010 :1-175.
IISS (2025). The UK’s accession to the Bahrain–US security agreement, Volume: 31 Comment: 02 Publisher, International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), February 2025.
Jacobs, Anna (2023). “Understanding Saudi Arabia’s Recalibrated Foreign Policy”. International Crisis Group, (September 14, 2023), https://bit.ly/3uGUKK1.
Jafari, Ali; Sohrabi, Mohammad; Shah Mohammadi, Mohammad (1402). “Security in the Persian Gulf Based on the Strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran; The Role of the Strategic Culture Approach and Regional Common Security“. Fundamental and Applied Studies of the Islamic World, Year 5, Issue 16, Summer, 27-46. https://doi.org/10.22034/FASIW.2023.368856.1218
Kamrava, Mehran (2025). “Structure, Agency, and Persian Gulf security: Continuity amid change”. Published online: 14 Jan 2025: 115-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2024.2445493
Karami, Kamran & Simbar, Reza (2021). “Salafism and Saudi Arabia’s Middle East Policy Towards Iran (2011-2020)“. Iranian Review of Foreign Affairs, 12(1), Winter- Spring, 237-255.
Marks, Jesse (2024). “China’s Strategic Facilitation in the Persian Gulf Security Crisis”. May 10, 2024, Stimson. The Henry L. Stimson Center, China, May 10, 2024.
Nereim, Vivian & Nechepurenko, Ivan (2023). “Putin Makes Rare Visit to Mideast”. The New York Times, (December 6, 2023), https://bit.ly/4bCEgDv
Pollack, Kenneth M. (2003). ”Securing the Persian Gulf” The Brookings Review, Washington 21(4), 18-22.
Qasemi, Hakim & Sarabi, Leili (2014). “Desirable Security Arrangements in the Persian Gulf from the Perspective of the Islamic Republic of Iran”. Persian Gulf Cultural and Political Studies Quarterly, (1), 31-56.
Raffaella A. Del Sartoa and Eduard Soler Lechab (2024). “Regionalism and Alliances in the Middle East, 2011-2021: From a “Flash in the Pan” of Regional Cooperation to Liquid Alliances”. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2023.2268542-Rathmell
Rathmell, Andrew, Karasik, Theodore and Gompert, David (2003). “A New Persian Gulf Security System”, Copyright RAND 2003, IP-248-CMEPP: 1-12.
Rostami, Zibaee & Nasri (2023). Obstacles to the Formation of the Persian Gulf Regional Security System in the Light of a Semantic Approach to Security. Political Studies of Islamic World, 12(3), 33-58. DOI: 10.30479/psiw.2024.17050.3096.
Saouli, Adham (2020). “Middling or Meddling: Origins and Constraints of External Influences in the Middle East” in Unfulfilled Aspirations: Middle Power Politics in the Middle East, edited by Adham Saouli (London: Hurst, 2020), (12).
Shir Mohammadi, Amir Pour, Hedayati, Mohammad Reza (2023). “The United Arab Emirates' military strategy and its impact on the military-defense security of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf region”. Afaq Security Journal, 17(65).
Strauss Center (2022). “Oil in the Persian Gulf” https://www.strausscenter.org/strait-of-hormuz-oil-in-the-persian-gulf, accessed September 3, 2022; Strauss Center, “Natural Gas in the Persian Gulf,” accessed September 5, 2022,
U.S. Dept. of State Press Release (2023). Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement (Sept. 13, 2023).
Ulrichsen, Kristian Coates (2024). “The Gulf and its foreign policies”. journal of gulf studies, 1(1), Intellect Ltd Article.
Wehrey, F. & Sokolsky, R. (2015). IMAGINING A NEW SECURITY ORDER IN THE PERSIAN GULF. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep12936
Yefremenko, Dmitry V. (2025). “The Sources of Russia’s Great-Power Status”. Russia in Global Affairs, (1), January/March.
